Narrattion teacher and student about chemistry
Dialogue of teachers and students
In class that morning
Teacher: "good morning children"
All students: "morning sir"
Teacher: "today we will learn about acid and alkaline substances, who knows what is acid and alkaline?"
Ani: "I pack, I think it's acid that has a sour taste and alkaline compounds that have a bitter taste."
Teacher: "yes very good, there is one acid that does not have a sour taste that is CHCOOH that has no taste. The acid-base theory proposed by some scientists, one of them is the theory of Arrhenius which says acid is a property which can interconnect ion ion hydrogen (H +) when dissolved in air, whereas a base is a property which can be released hydroxide ion (OH-) when dissolved in air The acid-base reaction (neutralizing reaction) is a H2O-forming reaction of H + and OH- Another theory is proposed by the Bronsted-Lowry theory which states that acids can give protons (H +) to other compounds, whereas a base can receive proton H +) from acidic acid reaction is a reaction of proton transfer from one substance to another. Lewis theory which says Acid is a compound that can accept free electron pairs from other materials, while Bases is a compound that can give free electron pairs to the species (compounds) The other The acid-base reaction is the reaction of bond formation between acids and bases.
"
Andi: "sir is there in our bodies acid and alkaline?"
Teachers: "yes of course there is in the human body there is also acid base balance to adapt and keep it function properly, for example like stomach acid that can kill the microorganisms that exist in the food we consume.
Anita: "sir ,what do we know the compound is sour or alkaline?"
Teacher: "we can recognize the substance or base by testing it with an indicator such as litmus paper, the base compound will change the red litmus color to blue and the blue litmus can not change color while the acid will change the red color and the red litmus can not change color."
All the students: "oh so sir."
Teacher: "well today is enough until here till you see."
All students: "see you sir."
Teacher: "good morning children"
All students: "morning sir"
Teacher: "today we will learn about acid and alkaline substances, who knows what is acid and alkaline?"
Ani: "I pack, I think it's acid that has a sour taste and alkaline compounds that have a bitter taste."
Teacher: "yes very good, there is one acid that does not have a sour taste that is CHCOOH that has no taste. The acid-base theory proposed by some scientists, one of them is the theory of Arrhenius which says acid is a property which can interconnect ion ion hydrogen (H +) when dissolved in air, whereas a base is a property which can be released hydroxide ion (OH-) when dissolved in air The acid-base reaction (neutralizing reaction) is a H2O-forming reaction of H + and OH- Another theory is proposed by the Bronsted-Lowry theory which states that acids can give protons (H +) to other compounds, whereas a base can receive proton H +) from acidic acid reaction is a reaction of proton transfer from one substance to another. Lewis theory which says Acid is a compound that can accept free electron pairs from other materials, while Bases is a compound that can give free electron pairs to the species (compounds) The other The acid-base reaction is the reaction of bond formation between acids and bases.
"
Andi: "sir is there in our bodies acid and alkaline?"
Teachers: "yes of course there is in the human body there is also acid base balance to adapt and keep it function properly, for example like stomach acid that can kill the microorganisms that exist in the food we consume.
Anita: "sir ,what do we know the compound is sour or alkaline?"
Teacher: "we can recognize the substance or base by testing it with an indicator such as litmus paper, the base compound will change the red litmus color to blue and the blue litmus can not change color while the acid will change the red color and the red litmus can not change color."
All the students: "oh so sir."
Teacher: "well today is enough until here till you see."
All students: "see you sir."
What is the difference between conjugate acid with the conjugate base?
BalasHapusIf an acid gives a proton (H +), then the rest of the acid has the ability to act as a base. The rest of the acid is expressed as a conjugate base. While for a base, if a base can receive protons (H +), then the substance formed has the ability as an acid is called conjugate acid.
HapusWhat is an example of weak base?
BalasHapusWeak base:
Hapus1. Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)
2. Aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3)
3. Iron (III) hydroxide (Fe (OH) 3)
4. Ammonia (NH3)
5. Iron (II) hydroxide (Fe (OH) 2)
6. Carbosium hydroxide (CA (OH) 3)
7. Nickel hydroxide (Ni (OH) 2)
8. Zinc hydroxide (Zn (OH) 2)
9. Cadmium hydroxide (Cd (OH) 2)
10. Bismuth hydroxide (Bi (OH) 3)
11. Silver hydroxide (Ag (OH))
12. Gold (I) hydroxide (Au (OH))
13. Gold (III) hydroxide (Au (OH) 3)
14. Copper (I) hydroxide (Cu (OH) 2)
15. Copper (II) hydroxide (Cu (OH))
16. Mercury (I) hydroxide (Hg (OH))
17. Raksa (II) hydroxide (Hg (OH) 2)
18. Lead (II) hydroxide (Sn (OH) 2)
19. Lead (IV) hydroxide (Sn (OH) 4)
20. Lead (II) hydroxide (Pb (OH) 2)
21. Manganese hydroxide (Mn (OH) 2)
22. Cobalt (III) hydroxide (Co (OH) 3)
23. Cobalt (II) hydroxide (Co (OH) 2)
24. Anilia (C6H5NH2)
25. Dimethylamine ((CH 3) 2 NH)
26. Hydration (H2NNH2)
27. Hydroxylamide (HONH2)
28. Methylamine (CH3 NH2)
29. Urea (H2NCONH2)
30. Glucose (C6H2O6)
31. Methyl hydroxide (CH3OH)
What if the student keep not understand? What should we do?
BalasHapusUnderstand first the students we teach and find other ways to explain the lessons to be taught
HapusTalk about acid solution, how to benefit from acid solution in our life?
BalasHapusThe benefits of acid solution in our lives are
Hapus1. Chloride Acid (HCl)
Acid Chloride is an acid that is naturally available in our stomach, hydrochloric acid is useful to kill germs or bacteria contained in our stomach.
Chloride acid is also used as a raw material for making Magnesium metal (Mg).
2. Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
Used as raw material for making fertilizer.
Sulfuric acid is also used as an electrolyte on the battery component.
3. Nitric Acid (HNO3)
Nitric acid is used as raw material for the manufacture of organic compounds such as nitrobenzene, trinito toulene and others.
Nitric acid is also used as a raw material for the manufacture of explosives such as TNT.
4. Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4)
Phosphoric acid is used as raw material for phosphate fertilizer.
Phosphoric acid is also used to remove rust on ferrous metals.
5. Perchloric Acid (HClO4)
Perchloric acid is used as a feedstock for the manufacture of rocket fuel ie ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4).
6. Acetic Acid (CH3COOH)
Acetic acid is used as a food flavoring agent
Acetic acid is also used to produce ester compounds.
7. Hypochlorite Acid (HClO)
Hypochlorite acid is used as a disinfectant and bleach clothing.
8. Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH)
Benzoic acid can be used as a disinfectant.
Benzoic acid can also be used as raw material for phenol manufacture.
9. Acid Flourida (HF)
Fluoride acid is used to remove rust on metal.
Fluoride acid can also be used to dissolve objects made of glass / silica.
10. Formic Acid (HCOOH)
Formic acid is used in the textile industry
Formic acid is also used to synthesize organic compounds.
How to recognize an acidic or basic solution and what conditions can be a solution as an acid-base indicator
BalasHapusNowadays to determine the nature of a solution is very easy. We can recognize it using litmus paper, indicator solution, or natural indicator. Here's what each explains:
HapusA. Lakmus Paper
Simply, to identify an acidic, alkaline, or saline solution is used litmus paper. Lakmus (azolithmin) is an acid-base indicator, a substance with a different color in acidic and alkaline solutions. The litmus paper will change color at a pH close to 7. This is excellent because the value of 7 indicates neutrality. The actual color change area is between 5.5 - 8.0. Change in red - blue. The color of litmus paper will change according to the rules as follows:
Red lobster: red (acidic), blue (base solution), and red (neutral)
The blue lauren: red (acidic), blue (alkaline), and blue (neutral)
B. Indicator Solutions
Indicator solutions are substances that have different colors in acidic, alkaline and neutral solutions, which can be used to distinguish acidic, alkaline, and neutral solutions. The indicator solution will change color if PH (acidity degree) changes. At a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius then pH + pOH = 14, for a neutral solution pH = pOH = 7, while for a solution of pH acid is smaller 7 and a larger base solution 7. Thus, pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions or the acidity of the solution. There are two kinds of indicators, namely:
The indicator of the acid indicator is an indicator that will change color, if the acid concentration changes slightly. The area of discoloration for this indicator is less than 7.
Indicator indicator is an indicator that will change color, if the concentration of base (OH) changes slightly. The color change area is more than 7.
In laboratories, the most commonly used indicators are phenolphthalein (PP), methyl red, and methyl orange solutions.
C. Natural Indicators
Natural indicators are substances or materials that come from nature that give different colors in acid and base solutions. For example, from extracts of various colorful plant materials, such as the crown of flowers (bougainvillea, rose, hibiscus, etc.), turmeric, mangosteen peel, and purple cabbage. How to obtain the extract of the ingredients by adding a little water to the smoothed material. For example on mangosteen skin. Mangosteen skin is scraped and then smoothed and added a little water. In a neutral state, the purple skin of mangosteen. The mangosteen skin extract is divided into two, each of which is dripped with acid and base solutions. Thus, in acid solution there is a change of purple to blackish. Other natural indicators such as purple cabbage extract. If the extract of purple cabbage dripped in acidic, alkaline, and neutral solutions will produce certain colors.
BalasHapusIs the scientific approach method the same as the method of learning central students?
@hudiaumamifaisal
Scientific learning method is a systematic way used by scientists to solve problems encountered. This method uses systematic, orderly and controlled steps. Scientific method is a series of work structure that can not be separated. This method includes the learning methods that can be applied to students
Hapuswhat is lewis acid?
BalasHapusAccording to Lewis: Acid is a species that acts as a acceptor of free electron pairs.
Hapuswhy a teacher start a leassen with some questions?
BalasHapusMeasure students' ability and level of understanding of the lesson and as Feedback that will be used as a starting point to improve and improve the teaching and learning process
HapusNWhy not all compounds dissolve in water?
BalasHapusBecause only polar compounds are soluble in water
HapusExplain the differences in acid and base properties?
BalasHapusAcidity: corrosive compounds, most of the reaction with metals to produce H2, has an acidic taste, can change the color of the substances possessed by other substances, produce H + ions in water
Hapuseg ammonia, aluminum hydroxide etc.
alkaline properties : the compound is damaging to the skin, feels slippery in the hand , Alkaline compounds are bitter, can change the color of other substances, produce HO ions in water